The course provides an outlook at the technologies for commercial access to space, in particular suborbital flight, near space flight, satellite air launch, re-entry systems. Special focus is provided to the suborbital flight with special emphasis to the operational aspects and the opportunities of space exploitation offered by a suborbital spaceflight system. Elements of the expected suborbital market are provided, ranging from the space tourism to microgravity experimentation, to astronauts and pilots training. Matching of the suborbital flight to the New Space Economy opportunity is also discussed. The course addresses the concept and implementation of Spaceports as pivotal assets for commercial access to space and presents the major Spaceport functions that are identified to properly run the asset in support of flexibility to adapt non only to the current technologies but to the future developments. The main criteria to establish a Spaceport and relevant assessment methodology is presented, and the future Italian Spaceport is discussed. The Course continues with the description of the Ground Segment, a paramount asset to properly support a space mission execution both during flight mission and ground operations. The main Ground Segment functions and elements are described and the associated operations. The course describes the experience gathered during the development and execution of the ESA Intermediate Experimental Vehicle (IXV) mission with details on the Ground Segment approach and various mission aspects. The mission was supported at the ALTEC mission Control Center in Torino, Italy. The course describes the aspects associated with the feasibility study of Spaceports evaluation in Malaysia and different study cases are presented. Malaysia is significantly interested in access to space and becoming part of the major international players. The class provides highlights on Regulatory aspects and in particular the outfitting of a Regulatory system that allows Spaceports outfitting and suborbital operations in the Italian Territory. Specific Forum are described such the European Spaceport Forum and the International Astronautical Congress, where participants are exposed to the state of the art in space business and can be part of promising network of operators. After the retirement of the Space Shuttle in 2011, the space business has significantly changed, and the course provides an outlook of the new exciting opportunities ahead of us that are reshaping this fascinating business. The course provides elements to both doctoral students who are interested in enriching their curriculum with first-hand experience out of the space industry and operators who are interested in setting up space related services in support to the current and future developments.

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The aim of this webinar is to deal with the main criticisms related to acoustic simulation and noisesuppression in the aerospace sector. This objective is achieved by initially introducing and discussing the state-of-the-art methods and technologies that are relevant to this field.Subsequently, the fundamentals of analytical (Transfer Matrix Method) and numerical (Wave Finite Element Method) approaches are illustrated, which constitute powerful and efficient techniques to estimate the absorption and transmission properties of a sound package. Lastly, some innovative acoustic meta-material configurations are presented, based on a periodic pattern of porous unit cells, whose main homogenization models are defined and discussed too. These topics address different applications not only in the aerospace industry, but more generally in transportation(automotive, railway), energy and civil engineering sectors, where both weight and space, as well as vibroacoustic comfort, still remain as critical issues.

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Images of celestial bodies collected by a camera contain much valuable information for a spacecraft, which can be used to infer the relative position and/or attitude. Imaging systems have been successfully employed in the past decades to this end, in the form of, e.g., star trackers, navigation cameras, horizon sensors. Depending on the apparent size of the targeted body within the image, different techniques are used to extract the relevant information. In this webinar, the fundamentals of optical navigation techniques will be discussed. Attendees will learn image processing techniques and attitude/position estimation algorithms. Test cases will also be discussed.

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The short course will introduce the market challenges and the business opportunities offered by the emerging
space economy.

The course will:

• present the Space Economy and introduce the New Space revolution;
• describe the new business models and technology trends;
• describe the space finance landscape and challenges to access finance faced by European space ventures;
• provide an Overview of the European Institutional toolbox to foster commercialization of space (e.g., the
  ESA BIC model, Phi-Labs, Technology Transfer, Intellectual Property, competitions, challenges, export
  sales support).

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The short course will describe the main aspects of recently developed two- and three-dimensional
computational frameworks for multi-scale and multi-physics analysis of polycrystalline and composite
materials, including the representation of degradation and failure, based on the employment of techniques
different from standard FEM.
The described models are based on the explicit representation of the considered materials mechanics at the
meso-scale, including the initiation, evolution and coalescence of micro-damage and cracking. The strategies
to capture the exchange of information between different scales, namely the component level (macroscale)
and the material level (mesoscale), will be described, as well as the techniques to include multi-physics
representations (e.g. piezoelectric, thermoelastic, chemical diffusion).
The potential benefits of employing different techniques for different material phases will be discussed and
an example about the coupling of the recent developed Virtual Element Method and the Boundary Element
Method will be presented.
The course will describe the main features of the proposed frameworks, their main advantages, current issues,
and direction of potential further development. Several applications to the computational analysis of damage
initiation and micro-cracking of common and piezoelectric polycrystalline aggregates under different loading
conditions will be discussed. Examples about modelling damage initiation and evolution in composite unit cells
will be presented.

Syllabus:

• A boundary element computational framework for micromechanics (2 hours)
• The boundary element method: integral equations and their numerical treatment (4 hours)
• Introduction to the Virtual Elements Method (2 hours)
• Construction of a boundary elements multiscale formulation including damage and failure (2 hours)
• Multi-scale, multi-physics and multi-technique formulations for materials modelling (2 hours)

Learning Objectives:

At the end of the class the attendees will have learned how to use integral equations to model solids
mechanics problems, will have a clear understanding of strengths and weaknesses of the Boundary Element
Method, and will know how to use it in combination with other techniques, such as FEM, VEM, Cohesive Zone
Modelling, Continuum Damage Mechanics to address a wide range of materials mechanics problems.

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